The protection of cultural property during conflict. The work of the Blue Shield
Paul is an art historian specialising
in the visual representation of armed conflict in Western visual cultures. He
received his doctorate at University College London, where he researched the
representation of war in German visual culture between 1870 and 1921.
He has recently worked for
the University of York on the Humanities in the European Research Area project,
British Military Encounters with Egypt,
1798—1918, and teaches at University College London on issues including the protection of
cultural property (CPP) in the event of armed conflict, the construction of national
and gendered identities at war, and the militarisation of the built environment.
Paul is also a visiting lecturer at Cranfield University at the UK Defence
Academy, where he is the co-author of a programme training British military cultural
specialists.
Paul is a member of the UK Committee of the Blue Shield. He is currently one
of a team based at the University of Newcastle designing CPP teaching
materials for both militaries and heritage professionals.
Paul was formerly a
military intelligence officer. He has extensive experience delivering intelligence
support to operational activities of all types.Keynote: Attique Ahmad (Pakistan)
Pääsihteeri
Pakistanin museoliitto
New museography for museums in the age of Armed conflicts
Keynote: Ms. Barrira Ilyas (Pakistan)
Museum Curator
Board member of Museums Association of Pakistan
Role of museums in Promoting worldwide interfaith harmony
Keynote: Jussi Nuorteva
Pääjohtaja
Suomen kansallisarkisto
Unescon Maailman-muisti ohjelma ja Suomen Unesco-toimikunnan toiminta
Leena Marsio
Aineettoman kulttuuriperinnön koordinaattori
Museovirasto
Elävää perintöä vaalimassa – Unescon yleissopimus aineettoman kulttuuriperinnön suojelemisesta Suomessa
Puheenvuorossa käsittellään Unescon yleissopimusta, sen taustaa ja merkitystä. Sopimusta avataan sen keskeisten peruskäsitteiden osalta. Lisäksi katsotaan mihin Suomi on sitoutunut allekirjoittaessaan sopimuksen. Samalla luodaan lyhyt katsaus siihen, kuinka sopimusta on Suomessa tarkoitus lähteä toteuttamaan. Sopimukseen ja sen toteuttamiseen sisältyy monenlaisia jännitteitä. Miten sopimuksessa ja sen kansallisessa toteuttamisessa huomioidaan näitä jännitteitä? Mikä on tämän hetken elä- vää perintöä, joka heijastaa mahdollisimman hyvin niin historiallista kuin nykyistäkin moninaisuutta? Entä mikä voisi olla museoiden rooli elävän perinnön ja sopimuksen toteuttamisen prosessissa? Muistiorganisaatioilla voi olla keskeinen tehtävä aineettoman kulttuuriperinnön vaalimisessa tallentamalla, dokumentoimalla ja välittämällä yleisölle elävää perinnettä. Voisivatko museot osaltaan herätellä keskustelua, jossa suomalaisesta kulttuuriperinnöstä laajenisi aiempaa monimuotoisemmaksi?
FM Karim Peltonen
Miksi kulttuuriomaisuus on vaarassa?
Onko kansainvälinen sääntely riittävää ja miksi kulttuuriperintö vaikuttaa yhä uhanalaisemmalta nykykonflikteissa? Tämän esityksen tarkoituksena on osaltaan kuvata kulttuuriomaisuuden suojelemiseksi luotua suojelumekanismia sekä pohtia sen toimivuutta suhdetta kylmän sodan jälkeisiin, osin yhä käynnissä oleviin konflikteihin. Tarkoitus on analysoida sodan kuvassa sekä konfliktien luonteessa kylmän sodan jälkeen tapahtunutta muutosta ja edelleen sitä, mikä rooli kulttuuriomaisuudella on näissä konflikteissa on. Mitä eroja ja yhtäläisyyksiä kulttuuriomaisuuden kansallisella suojelulla on suhteessa kansainväliseen?
Sirkkaliisa Jetsonen
Kulttuuriympäristön suojelu
Museovirasto
Kulttuuriomaisuuden säilyttämisen ja entistämisen kansainvälinen tutkimuskeskus ICCROM
Kulttuuriomaisuuden säilyttämisen ja entistämisen kansainvälinen tutkimuskeskus ICCROM (International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property) on hallitustenvälinen koulutus- ja tutkimuslaitos Roomassa, perustettu 1956. Sen päätehtä- vänä on tehostaa kulttuuriperinnön suojelun edellytyksiä maailmanlaajuisesti. ICCROM tarjoaa alan koulutusta, seminaareja ja kirjastopalveluita ja sen verkostot ja tutkimushankkeet edistävät konservoinnin ja restauroinnin osaamista. ICCROM toimii läheisessä yhteydessä Yhdistyneisiin kansakuntiin ja sillä on yli 130 jäsenmaata. ICCROMilla, kuten ICOMOSilla, on neuvoa-antava rooli suhteessa UNESCOn maailmanperintökomiteaan
pääjohtaja
Museovirasto
Kansainväliset sopimukset ja kulttuuriperinnön suojelu
Outi Penninkangas
Tutkija
Mediamuseo Rupriikki
Liikkeelle! – Uuteen kotiin -näyttely
Liikkeelle! – Uuteen kotiin -näyttely yhdisti pakolaisten ja evakkojen kokemukset.
Rupriikki ja Postimuseo toteuttivat Tampereella Liikkeelle! – Uuteen kotiin -näyttelyn vuonna 2015. Näyttely kertoi Karjalan evakoiden ja humanitäärisistä syistä Suomeen muuttaneiden pakolaisten kokemuksista. Oman kodin jättäminen ja uuteen kulttuuriin sopeutuminen sodan aikana oli Karjalan jättäneille evakoille henkilökohtainen tragedia. Nykyajan pakolaiset käyvät läpi samanlaisia muutoksia ja tunteita Suomeen saapuessaan. Kriisit ympäri maailmaa pakottavat miljoonia ihmisiä jättämään kotinsa. Näyttelyn käsikirjoitus rakennettiin kahdeksan päähenkilön tarinan ympärille. Nämä kahdeksan ihmistä, joilla on evakko- tai pakolaistausta, antoivat yleisölle mahdollisuuden tutustua hyvin henkilökohtaiseen tarinaan. Tarinallisuus oli näyttelyn vaikuttavimpia keinoja vä- littää museovieraille viestiä pelosta, epävarmuudesta ja selviytymiskeinoista. Tarinan henkilö tuli museovieraalle tutuksi myös suuren muotokuvan avulla.
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Keynote: Paul Fox
The protection of cultural property during conflict. The work of the Blue Shield
Paul is an art historian specialising in the visual representation of armed conflict in Western visual cultures. He received his doctorate at University College London, where he researched the representation of war in German visual culture between 1870 and 1921.
He has recently worked for the University of York on the Humanities in the European Research Area project, British Military Encounters with Egypt, 1798—1918, and teaches at University College London on issues including the protection of cultural property (CPP) in the event of armed conflict, the construction of national and gendered identities at war, and the militarisation of the built environment. Paul is also a visiting lecturer at Cranfield University at the UK Defence Academy, where he is the co-author of a programme training British military cultural specialists.
Paul is a member of the UK Committee of the Blue Shield. He is currently one of a team based at the University of Newcastle designing CPP teaching materials for both militaries and heritage professionals.
Paul was formerly a military intelligence officer. He has extensive experience delivering intelligence support to operational activities of all types.Keynote: Attique Ahmad (Pakistan)
Secretary General
Museum Accosiation of Pakistan
New museography for museums in the age of Armed conflicts
Keynote: Ms. Barrira Ilyas (Pakistan)
Museum Curator
Board member of Museums Association of Pakistan
Role of museums in Promoting worldwide interfaith harmony
Keynote: Jussi Nuorteva
Director General
The National Archive of Finland
Leena Marsio
Coordinator of Intangible Heritage
National Board of Antiquities
Safeguarding Living Heritage: The UNESCO Convention on the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage in Finland
This presentation is about The UNESCO Convention on the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, it's background and importance, what Finland is commited to by ratifying the Convention and how it will be implemented in Finland. To be adhered to the Convention is not always easy due to issues that may appear during the process. How are these issues dealt with in Finland?
This presentation will take a look at what is today's living cultural heritage and how well it represents both historical and present cultural diversity. What could be the role of the museums in safeguarding and sharing information about living cultural heritage and it's diversity?
M. Phil. Karim Peltonen
Why is cultural heritage in danger?
Is the present international
regulation sufficient and why does cultural heritage seem to be even more in danger in present day conflicts?
The purpose of this
presentation is to give a picture of the protection mechanism created to
conserve culture heritage and discuss its usefulness
and relation to the post- Cold War conflicts, some of which are still
continuing. The presentation analyzes the change which happened after the Cold War in the nature of conflicts, and furthermore
the question of the role of cultural
heritage in these conflicts.
What differences and
similarities does the national protection of cultural possessions have in
relation to international protection?
Sirkkaliisa Jetsonen
Preservation of cultural environment
Finland’s National Board of Antiquities
ICCROM: International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property
ICCROM is
an intergovernmental centre of study and education founded in 1956 and based in
Rome. Its main goal is to promote the conditions for conservation of cultural
heritage worldwide.
ICCROM
offers education, seminars and library services in the field and its
connections and research projects contributes to the know-how of conservation
and restauration. ICCROM works closely with the United Nations and it has over
130 countries as a member. ICCROM has an advisory role in relation to UNESCO
World Heritage Committee.
Juhani Kostet
Director General
The National Board of Antiquities
International field of cultural heritage agreements
and Finland
The implementation and monitoring of the international
agreements and the development of the fulfillment of these agreements is associated
with many international intergovernmental and non-formal organizations.
Finland has ratified the UNESCO’s World Heritage
Convention in 1987. In the spring of 2014 it also ratified UNESCO's convention
of Intangible Cultural Heritage. The National Board of Antiquities has prepared
the implementation of the convention Intangible Cultural Heritage since autumn
2014. Unesco international agreements also include the so-called The Hague
Convention on the protection of cultural heritage in the context of
international conflicts. Finland has ratified the treaty, but its
implementation is still pending.
Finland has not yet ratified the UNESCO’s International
convention on the protection of underwater cultural heritage. Promoting the
signing of this agreement is very important due to the location of Finland, it’s
long coastline and securing the numerous inland waterways cultural heritage. In
addition to UNESCO’s agreements, Finland has also committed to a number of cultural
heritage and cultural environment agreements of the European Union and the
Council of Europe.
Outi Penninkangas
Reseacher
Mediamuseum Rupriikki
The On the Move! – Towards a New Home exhibition brought the experiences of refugees and evacuees onto the same page
Media Museum Rupriikki and Finnish Postal Museum produced an exhibition entitled ‘On the Move – Toward a New Home’ in Tampere in 2015. The exhibition highlighted the experiences both of Finns who were evacuated from Karelia during WWII when parts of Finland were ceded to the Soviet Union, on one hand, and of refugees who have moved to Finland for humanitarian reasons, on the other. For Finns who had to leave their native Karelia behind during the war, leaving their homeland and adjusting to a new culture marked a huge personal tragedy. Modern-day refugees experience similar changes and emotions when they arrive in Finland.
In total, about 430,000 Karelian evacuees had to be relocated and given new homes after World War II. Most had to leave their home twice: before the Winter War, evacuation was organised in 1930, and Finnish homes in Karelia had to be abandoned again at the end of the Continuation War, in 1944. Relocating the evacuees required huge efforts from Finnish society, as the evacuees accounted for 11% of Finland’s population.
Crises around the world force millions of people to leave their homes. After World War II, the first group of refugees to come to Finland arrived from Chile in the 1970s. They were followed by Vietnamese ‘boat people’ in the 1980s. Since the 1990s, the largest refugee groups arriving in Finland have been Somalis, Kurds, Bosnians and Kosovo Albanians.
The script used for the exhibition was developed from the stories of eight main characters. These eight people with an evacuee or refugee background gave visitors an opportunity to immerse themselves in very personal narratives. The focus on individual stories was one of the most impressive ways that the exhibition communicated fear, insecurity and ways of surviving to museum visitors. Also, a large portrait of each member of the ‘cast of characters’ brought visitors closer to the group the exhibition focused on.
The message of the exhibition was supported by a broad-based related programme for the public. The opening weekend featured an event whose implementation received contributions from the Finnish Red Cross, Karelian refugee organisations, and other parties with an interest in the exhibition’s central issues. Also, a one-day training event was held for teachers in collaboration with Plan Finland. Guided tours were arranged, and Plan sponsors visited numerous schools. In addition, guided tours and public lectures focusing on various specific topics were held. Schoolchildren were the main target group for the public programme.
In the project On the Move! – Finland after the War, nine Trafiikki museums prepared a ‘network exhibition’, in which each participating museum focused on reconstruction-era Finland from a perspective of its choice.
The On the Move! – Towards a New Home exhibition brought the experiences of refugees and evacuees onto the same page
Media Museum Rupriikki and Finnish Postal Museum produced an exhibition entitled ‘On the Move – Toward a New Home’ in Tampere in 2015. The exhibition highlighted the experiences both of Finns who were evacuated from Karelia during WWII when parts of Finland were ceded to the Soviet Union, on one hand, and of refugees who have moved to Finland for humanitarian reasons, on the other. For Finns who had to leave their native Karelia behind during the war, leaving their homeland and adjusting to a new culture marked a huge personal tragedy. Modern-day refugees experience similar changes and emotions when they arrive in Finland.
In total, about 430,000 Karelian evacuees had to be relocated and given new homes after World War II. Most had to leave their home twice: before the Winter War, evacuation was organised in 1930, and Finnish homes in Karelia had to be abandoned again at the end of the Continuation War, in 1944. Relocating the evacuees required huge efforts from Finnish society, as the evacuees accounted for 11% of Finland’s population.
Crises around the world force millions of people to leave their homes. After World War II, the first group of refugees to come to Finland arrived from Chile in the 1970s. They were followed by Vietnamese ‘boat people’ in the 1980s. Since the 1990s, the largest refugee groups arriving in Finland have been Somalis, Kurds, Bosnians and Kosovo Albanians.
The script used for the exhibition was developed from the stories of eight main characters. These eight people with an evacuee or refugee background gave visitors an opportunity to immerse themselves in very personal narratives. The focus on individual stories was one of the most impressive ways that the exhibition communicated fear, insecurity and ways of surviving to museum visitors. Also, a large portrait of each member of the ‘cast of characters’ brought visitors closer to the group the exhibition focused on.
The message of the exhibition was supported by a broad-based related programme for the public. The opening weekend featured an event whose implementation received contributions from the Finnish Red Cross, Karelian refugee organisations, and other parties with an interest in the exhibition’s central issues. Also, a one-day training event was held for teachers in collaboration with Plan Finland. Guided tours were arranged, and Plan sponsors visited numerous schools. In addition, guided tours and public lectures focusing on various specific topics were held. Schoolchildren were the main target group for the public programme.
In the project On the Move! – Finland after the War, nine Trafiikki museums prepared a ‘network exhibition’, in which each participating museum focused on reconstruction-era Finland from a perspective of its choice.